Profit And Loss
MCQs Math


Question:     Mr. Joseph loses 5% by selling an article for $104.50. For how much should he sell it to get a profit of 4%?


Correct Answer  114.4

Solution And Explanation

Strategy to solve the question

Step (1) Calculate the cost price at given loss percent and the sale price.

Step (2) After gettting the cost price find the sale price at given profit percent.

Solution

Method (1) Formula Method

Finding the Sale Price to earn a profit using formula when the Sale Price at a loss is given

Given, the sale price (SP) = $104.5

And, the loss = 5%

Then, the Sale Price (SP) to earn a profit of 4% = ?

Formula to find the cost price when the sale price and loss percent are known

Cost Price (CP) = 100/100 – gain% × SP

Thus, the Cost Price (CP)

= 100/100 – 5 × 104.5

= 100/95 × 104.5

= 100 × 104.5/95

= 10450/95 = 110

Thus, the Cost Price (CP) = $110

Finding the Sale Price using the formula when the cost price and Profit percent are known

Here now, CP = $110

And, profit = 4%

Thus Sale Price (SP) = ?

Formula to find the Sale Price (SP) when the cost price (CP) and profit percent are known

Sale Price (SP) = 100 + gain%/100 × Cost Price (CP)

Thus, the Sale Price (SP)

= 100 + 4/100 × 110

= 104/100 × 110

= 104 × 110/100

= 11440/100 = 114.4

Thus, Sale Price (SP) at a profit of 4% = $114.4 Answer

Method (2) Algebraic Method

Finding the Sale Price (SP) to earn the given profit using the Algebraic Method when the Sale Pric (SP) at a loss percent is given

Given, the sale price (SP) = $104.5

And, the loss = 5%

Then, the Sale Price (SP) to earn a profit of 4% = ?

Let the Cost Price (CP) = m

Here given loss = 5%

Calculation of loss

loss is calculated on cost price (CP)

Formula to find the loss = loss% of CP

Thus, loss on the cost price of m

= 5% of m

= 5% × m

= 5/100 × m

⇒ loss = 5 m/100

Calculation of Cost Price (CP)

The Sale Price (SP) = Cost Price (CP) – loss

⇒ 104.5 = m – 5 m/100

⇒ 104.5 = 100 m – 5 m/100

⇒ 104.5 = 95 m/100

After cross multiplication, we get

104.5 × 100 = 95 m

⇒ 95 m = 104.5 × 100

⇒ m = 104.5 × 100/95

⇒ m = 10450/95 = 110

⇒ m = 110

Thus, the Cost Price (CP) = $110

Finding the Sale Price (SP) when the Cost Price (CP) and profit percent are known

Now, here, Cost Price = 110

And, the profit = 4%

Thus, Sale Price (SP)

= Cost Price (CP) + 4% of Cost Price (CP)

= 110 + 4/100 × 110

= 110 + 4 × 110/100

= 110 + 440/100

= 110 + 4.4 = 114.4

Thus, Sale Price (SP) at a profit of 4% = $114.4 Answer

Method (3) Unitary Method

Finding the Sale Price (SP) to earn a given profit when the Sale price (SP) at a loss is given

Given, the sale price (SP) = $104.5

And, the loss = 5%

Then, the Sale Price (SP) to earn a profit of 4% = ?

Let, CP = 100

4% profit = 4% of CP

= 4% of 100 = 4

Thus, Sale Price to earn a profit of 4% = CP + 4

= 100 + 4 = 104

⇒ Sale Price to earn a profit of 4% = 104

5% loss = 5% of CP

= 5% of 100 = 5

Thus, Sale Price at a loss of 5% = CP – Loss

= 100 – 5 = 95

⇒ Sale Price at a loss of 5% = 95

∵ If the Sale Price is 95, then to earn a profit of 4% the Sale Price should be = 104

∴ If the Sale Price is 1, then to earn a profit of 4% the Sale Price should be

= 104/95

∴ If the Sale Price is 104.5, then to earn a profit of 4% the Sale Price should be

= 104/95 × 104.5

= 104 × 104.5/95

= 10868/95 = 114.4

Thus, Sale Price to get a profit of 4% = $114.4 Answer

Method (4) Shortcut Method

Shortcut Method to find the Sale Price at a given profit when Sale Price at a loss is given

Given, the sale price (SP) = $104.5

And, the loss = 5%

Then, the Sale Price (SP) to earn a profit of 4% = ?

Here, the Sale Price at a loss of 5 = $104.5

This means 95% of the Cost Price (CP) = 104.5

Therefore, 1% of the Cost Price (CP) = 104.5/95

Therefore, 100% of the Cost Price (CP)

= 104.5/95 × 100 = 110

Thus, the Cost Price (CP) = $110

Now, we need to find the Sale Price at a profit of 4%

Thus, Sale Price at a profit of 4%

= 104% of the Cost Price (CP)

= 104% of 110

= 104/100 × 110 = 114.4

Thus, the Cost Price at a profit of 4% = $114.4 Answer


Similar Questions

(1) Find the cost price, if a share broker gets a loss of 26% by selling 100 shares for $3707.40.

(2) Mr. Joseph loses 5% by selling an article for $104.50. For how much should he sell it to get a profit of 4%?

(3) Find the cost price, if a trader gets a loss of 36% by selling 500 packets of fruits for $4486.40

(4) Find the cost price, if a trader gets a loss of 41% by selling an article for $4725.90

(5) Calculate the earnings percentage if a vendor buys 54 articles for $1 and sells 53 articles for $1.

(6) Find the earnings percentage if a hawker buys 50 articles for $1 and sells 49 articles for $1.

(7) A shopkeeper gets a loss of 10% by selling an article for $324. For how much should he sell it to get a profit of 9%?

(8) If a broker gets a loss of 22% by selling 100 shares for $3283.80, then find the cost price of those shares.

(9) Mr. Bose loses 98% by selling an article for $95.20. For how much should he sell it to get a profit of 97%?

(10) Find the cost price, if a trader gets a loss of 68% by selling five bags of rice for $4291.20


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