Water Pollution
Science Four
Water: Introduction
Water is essential for all living beings. None can live without water. There can be no life without water. Plants cannot grow without water. Animals cannot live without water.
We get water from many natural resources. Rain water is one of the major sources of fresh water. But, many harmful gases get dissolved in rain water while falling on earth. This water flows to river and ponds and makes them polluted also. With passes of time fresh water present on earth is getting impure. Impure water is not safe to use. Impure water leads to many diseases.
Water with impurities is called polluted water. Water pollution is a process by which water gets impure.
Polluted or impure water is not good for us as well as for all living beings whether these are plants or animals.
Causes of water pollution
With increase in population number of houses increased with leaps and bounds in past decades. More number of houses produces more waste and garbage. These waste and garbage are thrown into rivers and ponds, which pollutes rivers and ponds water.
To meet the increasing demands of increasing population more and more factories are being set up. More number of factories produces more garbage and harmful chemicals in the form of waste. They throw these wastes into water bodies, such as rivers and ponds. These harmful wastes pollute river and ponds water.
In cities drainages coming from households are flown to the rivers. This is polluting water present in rivers and ponds.
Many times oil spilled from tankers and oil wells in ocean which pollutes water in the oceans.
In villages and even in cities people get bathed their cattle in rivers and ponds. This pollutes water of river and ponds.
Many people wash clothes and utensils in rivers and ponds which pollutes water of rivers and ponds.
Vehicles and factories produce many harmful gases which remains present in air. In the course of falling of rain drops harmful gases present in air are dissolved in them and falls in the form of impure or polluted water on the earth. Rain water finally flows to the rivers and ponds and pollute water present in them.
Effects of water pollution
Polluted water is not fit to drink or to make food. If we drink polluted water we may falls sick. Polluted water leads to many diseases like typhoid, diarrhoea, cholera, jaundice, etc.
If we eat food made from polluted water that also leads to many diseases.
Polluted water is harmful for aquatic animals and plants. Polluted water infects aquatic plants and animals. If we eat those infected fish, we may also get infected and may be fallen sick.
If animals eat infected plants, they may also infected and fallen sick.
Water is natural home for many plants and animals. Because of water pollution they may not survive. This will disturb the ecological balance.
Prevention of water pollution
(1)Waste produces from households and factories should not be thrown into the water bodies.
(2)Drainage must not be flown to the water bodies without proper treatment. Bathing of cattle, people and washing of utensils in the rivers and ponds must be prevented.
(3)Pollution check of the vehicles and factories must be forced so that mixing of harmful gases to the atmosphere can be prevented.
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