Hydrocarbon: chemistry

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkynes

Alkynes

Hydrocarbons with triple bond between carbon carbon atoms are called Alkynes. Alkynes have 4 hydrogen deficiency. It means alkynes require 4 more hydrogen atoms to get saturated.

Alkane – ane + yne = Alkyne

General Formula of Alkyne is

C _n H _{2n – 2}

Where n is the number of carbon atoms, i.e. 1, 2, 3, . . .

For triple bond between carbon and carbon atoms, at least two carbon atoms are must.

Thus, n = 1, i.e. Alkynes with one carbon atoms do not exists.

(1) When n = 1, this means number of carbon atoms = 1

The compounds of Alkyne does not exists having number of carbon atoms = 1

(2) When n = 2

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₂ H _{2 × 2 – 2}

= C ₂ H ₂

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 2

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 2 is Ethane

Thus, name of Alkyne having two (2) carbon atoms is

Ethane – ane + yne = Ethyne

The general name of Ethyne is Acetylene

The structural Formula of Acetylene or Ethyne is

(3) When n = 3

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₃ H _{2 × 3 – 2}

= C ₃ H ₄

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 3

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 3 is Propane

Thus, name of Alkyne having three (3) carbon atoms is

Propane – ane + yne = Propyne

The structural Formula of Propyne is

(4) When n = 4

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₄ H _{2 × 4 – 2}

= C ₄ H ₆

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 4

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 4 is Butane

Thus, name of Alkyne having four (4) carbon atoms is

Butane – ane + yne = Butyne

The structural Formula of Butyne is

(5) When n = 5

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₅ H _{2 × 5 – 2}

= C ₅ H ₈

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 5

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 5 is Pentane

Thus, name of Alkyne having five (5) carbon atoms is

Pentane – ane + yne = Pentyne

The structural Formula of Pentyne is

(6) When n = 6

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₆ H _{2 × 6 – 2}

= C ₆ H ₁₀

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 6

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 6 is Hexane

Thus, name of Alkyne having six (6) carbon atoms is

Hexane – ane + yne = Hexyne

The structural Formula of Hexyne is

(7) When n = 7

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₇ H _{2 × 7 – 2}

= C ₇ H ₁₂

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 7

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 7 is Heptane

Thus, name of Alkyne having seven (7) carbon atoms is

Heptane – ane + yne = Heptyne

The structural Formula of Heptyne is

(8) When n = 8

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₈ H _{2 × 8 – 2}

= C ₈ H ₁₄

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 8

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 8 is Octane

Thus, name of Alkyne having eight (8) carbon atoms is

Octane – ane + yne = Octyne

The structural Formula of Octyne is

(9) When n = 9

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₉ H _{2 × 9 – 2}

= C ₉ H ₁₆

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 9

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 9 is Nonane

Thus, name of Alkyne having nine (9) carbon atoms is

Nonane – ane + yne = Nonyne

The structural Formula of Nonyne is

(10) When n = 10

Therefore, C _n H _{2n – 2}

C ₁₀ H _{2 × 10 – 2}

= C ₁₀ H ₁₈

Name of Alkyne with number of carbon atoms = 10

Since, name of alkane having number of carbon atoms = 10 is Decane

Thus, name of Alkyne having ten (10) carbon atoms is

Decane – ane + yne = Decyne

The structural Formula of Decyne is

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