Parts of Speech - grammar english

A speech or sentence has many parts, i.e. many words, these parts of a sentence are called The Parts of Speech

There are eight Parts of Speech

(1) Noun

(2) Pronoun

(3) Adjective

(4) Verb

(5) Adverb

(6) Preposition

(7) Conjuction

(8) Interjection

(1) Noun

The name of anything is called NOUN. In other words, the name of a person, place or any object is called NOUN.

Example

Newton, Einstein, Reynold, Mohan, Rohan, New York, United States of America, Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Water, Flute, Brick, Speaker, Idol, Statue, Bag, Comb, Motorcycle, Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Oxygen, Neon, Earth, Moon, Venus, Italy, India, etc. all are examples of noun as these are names.

Noun in sentence

(a) Thomas Edison invented the bulb.

Here, Thomas Edison is the name of scientist who invented the bulb. And Bulb is the name of a device which produce light when connected to electricity.

Thus, Thomas Edison and Bulb are noun in the given sentence.

(b) Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.

Here, Nile is the name of a river. Thus Nile is here noun.

"River" is a type of water body. And "world" is a place where we live. Thus, river and world are also noun.

(c) Sun is hot.

Here, "Sun" is the name of a planet, thus "Sun" is noun.

(d) Water is cold.

Here "water" is the name of a liquid, thus, "water" is noun.

(2) Pronoun

Word that comes in the place of noun is called PRONOUN.

Example

I, You, He, We, They, Him, Himself, Yourself, Who, How, Where, etc.

Pronoun is used in the place of noun to avoid repetition of noun.

Pronoun in sentence

(a) Albert Einstein gave the concept of Gravity. He was a great scientist.

Here, in the second sentence the word "he" came for Albert Einstein. Thus, "he" is pronoun here.

(b) Galileo was a great scientist who invented the telescope. He lived in Italy. He studied speed, velocity, gravity and free fall also.

Here, the word "who" and "he" came for Galileo, thus "who" and "he" are pronoun.

(3) Adjective

Word which gives more information about a noun or pronoun, is called Adjective.

In other words, Adjective says about the quality of a noun or pronoun.

Adjective qualifies a noun or pronoun.

Example

Good, Bad, Pink, Blue, Hard, Soft, Bright, Dim, etc.

Adjective in sentence

(a) He is good.

Here "good" says about he. Thus, the word "good" is adjective here.

(b) Asia is a big continent.

Here the word "big" qualifies the continent Asia, thus "big" is here adjective.

(c) Sun is hot.

Here, the word "hot" tells about the nautre of planet Sun. Thus, "hot" is here adjective.

(d) Maharana Pratap was a brave king.

Here, word "brave" tells the quality of king Maharana Pratap. Thus, "brave" is adjective here.

(4) Verb

Word which tells the action or state of being of a noun or pronoun or subject in a sentence is called VERB.

Verbs describe the action.

Example

Eat, Walk, Run, Sleep, Talk, Is, Are, Have, Was, Had, Clean, Cut, Drive, Live, Make, Play, Read, Think, Throw, Sweep, Stop, etc. are some example of verbs.

Verb in Sentecne

(a) I eat.

Here, the word "eat" tells that what the subject "I" is doing. Thus, "eat" is verb.

(b) Sachin Tendulkar is playing.

Here the word "playing" tells the action of Sachin Tendulkar. Thus, "playing" is verb here.

(c) Gappu is reading.

Here the word "reading" tells the action of subject Gappu. Thus, "reading" is verb here.

(d) Students read in school.

Here the word "read" tells that what students are doing. Thus, "read" is verb here.

(e) Madona is singing.

Here the word "singing" tells that what Madona is doing. Thus, "singing" is verb here.

(5) Adverb

Word that qualifies any parts of speech other than noun or pronoun is called ADVERB.

In other words an adverb enlarges the meaning of any parts of speech except noun or pronoun.

According to JC Neisfield, "An adverb is a word that extends the meaning and narrow the application of any part of speech except a noun or pronoun."

Example

(a) He writes slowly.

Here the word "slowly" qualifies the verb "write". Thus, "slowly" is adverb.

(b) Alex is very good.

Here the word "very" extends the meaning of adjective "good". Thus, "very" is adverb here.

(c) Joe was absent from office yesterday.

Here the word "yesterday" enlarges the meaning of word "absent".

(d) It is raining heavily.

Here, the word "heavily" extending the meaning of "raining". Thus, "heavily" is adverb here.

(e) The peacock dances beautifully.

Here, the word "beautifully" extending the meaning of "dance of peacock". Thus, "beautifully" is adverb here.

(6) Preposition

A word which shows the relation between noun or pronoun to the other thing or word in a sentece is called Preposition.

According to JC Neisfield, A preposition is a word used for showing in what relation one thing stands to another thing.

Example

(a) The cat is behind the door.

Here, the word "behind" is preposition and shows the relation between cat and door.

(b) The book is on the table.

Here, the word "on" is preposition and shows the relation between book and table.

(c) We live in India.

Here, the word "in" is preposition and shows the relation between we and India.

(d) USA lies in the continent of North America.

Here, the word "in" is preposition and shows the relation between USA and North America.

(e) The boat went across the river.

Here, the word "across" is preposition and shows the relation between boat and river.

(7) Conjunction

Word that joins two words or group of words or two sentences is called conjunction.

According to JC Neisfield, A conjunction is a word used for showing in what relation one notion stands (in the mind of the speaker or writer) to another notion, or one thought to another thought.

(a) A father loves his children and takes care of them.

Here, the word "and" is a conjunction and joining two sentences.

(b) He is poor, but honest.

Here, the word "but" is a conjunction.

(c) He could not collect the catch because ball was in great speed.

Here, the word "because" is a conjunction and joining the two sentences.

(8) Interjection

An Interjection is a word which is used to show strong feeling or emotion in a sentence.

An interjection has no connection with other parts of speech in a sentence.

According to JC Neisfield, An interjection is a word thrown into a sentecne to express some feeling of the mind, but forms no part of the construction of the sentence.

Example

(a) Hurrah! We won the match.

Here the word "Hurrah" is the interjection.

(b) Nice! You stood first.

Here the word "Nice" is the interjection.

(c) Well done! You got it.

Here the word "Well done" is the interjection.